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BJT-based temperature sensors are widely used due to their high accuracy over a wide temperature range with a low-cost 1-point trim. Although resistor-based sensors can achieve better energy efficiency, they typically require a 2-point trim to achieve comparable accuracy, while thermal-diffusivity based sensors achieve superior accuracy at the cost of energy efficiency 1. This paper presents a BJT-based temperature sensor that achieves both excellent accuracy and energy efficiency. To avoid the kTfC noise limitations of conventional discrete-time (OT) readout schemes 2, 3, it employs a compact continuous-time (CT) front-end. Component mismatch, which often limits the accuracy of CT front-ends 4, 5, is mitigated by a combination of dynamic element matching (OEM) and a low-cost resistor-ratio self-calibration scheme. As a result, the sensor achieves a resolution FoM of 0. 85pJ^2, and a competitive inaccuracy of 0. 1^C (3) from -55^C tO 125^C after a 1-point trim. This makes it 4 more energy-efficient than state-of-the-art BJT-based sensors with similar accuracy 2, 4, 5.
Toth et al. (Sun,) studied this question.