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Summarize the semiconductor physics, defect chemistry, and doping challenges of zinc oxide (ZnO), outlining strategies to control electrical conductivity and engineer its optical properties.

October 22, 2009Reports on Progress in Physics

Fundamentals of zinc oxide as a semiconductor

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Summarize the semiconductor physics, defect chemistry, and doping challenges of zinc oxide (ZnO), outlining strategies to control electrical conductivity and engineer its optical properties.
Reviewed bulk crystal and epitaxial thin-film growth methods and assessed the impact of growth conditions on defect and impurity incorporation.
Evaluated the electronic structure, formation energies, and stability of native point defects and impurities using density-functional theory calculations.
Analyzed experimental and theoretical evidence regarding unintentional n-type conductivity, p-type dopant solubility, and MgZnO/CdZnO alloy band-gap tuning.
Favorable intrinsic properties, including high electron mobility, a wide direct band gap, and large exciton binding energy, position ZnO as a prime material for transparent electronics and ultraviolet photonics.
Theoretical and experimental assessments show that unintentional n-type conductivity originates primarily from contaminating impurities rather than native defects, with native defect compensation hindering reproducible and stable p-type doping.

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Implication

Comprehensive review reveals the defect physics and doping challenges of zinc oxide semiconductors, highlighting pathways toward reproducible electrical conductivity control for optoelectronics.

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Janotti et al. (2009) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69d97a3ce6ab964fb0835dda https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/72/12/126501

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Implication

Comprehensive review reveals the defect physics and doping challenges of zinc oxide semiconductors, highlighting pathways toward reproducible electrical conductivity control for optoelectronics.

Fundamentals of zinc oxide as a semiconductor

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Implication

Cite This Study

Fundamentals of zinc oxide as a semiconductor

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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