Why the study?
Are there significant sex differences in the vectorcardiogram of normal adults?
Population
203 normal adults (101 men, 102 women), mean age 42.5 years for men and 42.6 years for women.
Comparison
Vectorcardiogram (VCG) analysis vs Comparison between men and women
Design
Cross-sectional
Authors
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Sex differences appear more pronounced in VCG than ECG; leaves open whether sex-specific norms are warranted pending prospective validation.
Are there significant sex differences in the vectorcardiogram of normal adults?
Significant sex differences exist in vectorcardiogram parameters among normal adults, necessitating separate normal limits for men and women.
Sotobata et al. (1968) studied this question.
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