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Genomic analysis reveals CHPV's impact on acute encephalitis syndrome, suggesting needs for ongoing surveillance.
Chandipura virus (CHPV) is an etiological agent of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in children, characterized by rapid neurological decline; yet the viral and host factors governing its neuropathogenesis and sudden outbreak dynamics remain poorly defined. Despite minimal genomic variation indicative of strong purifying selection, which supports the continued efficacy of existing molecular diagnostics and candidate therapeutics, CHPV re-emerges unpredictably in human populations, as exemplified by the 2024 AES cluster in Gujarat. This outbreak underscores the importance of continuous genomic surveillance to elucidate viral behavior and immune-evasion mechanisms. Moreover, it highlights the utility of both amplicon-based and metagenomic next-generation sequencing approaches for future CHPV detection and comprehensive genome characterization.
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Shukla et al. (2026) studied this question.
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