Why the study?
Is plasma indoxyl sulfate associated with first heart failure events in patients on hemodialysis?
Is plasma indoxyl sulfate associated with first heart failure events in patients on hemodialysis?
Plasma indoxyl sulfate is associated with incident heart failure in hemodialysis patients, highlighting its potential role as a biomarker or pathogenic factor.
Hypothesis-generating for indoxyl sulfate as heart failure biomarker or target in hemodialysis; prospective studies needed before clinical adoption.
Plasma indoxyl sulfate was associated with first heart failure event in patients on hemodialysis. Whether indoxyl sulfate is only a biomarker or involved in the pathogenesis of heart failure in hemodialysis warrants additional study.
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Cao et al. (2014) studied this question.
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