Evaluation of independent versus integrated effects of reciprocal electrical stimulation and botulinum toxin-A on dynamic limits of postural stability and ankle kinematics in spastic diplegia: a single-blinded randomized trial

Integration of RES and BoNT-A has a considerable effect on some of the essential elements that contribute toward the improvement of ankle biomechanics and postural stability. The demonstrated effect provides the basis for its application in the treatment of spastic diplegia.