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This paper studies the connectivity problem of vehicles moving on a highway road and considers a one-way road scenario where there exist one entry and exit, and multiple roadside units (RSUs) equidistantly deployed along the road. A connectivity analytical model is derived for analyzing the connectivity probability, taking into account the existence of the entry and exit and the deployment of multiple RSUs. In the considered road scenario, the entry and exit is uniformly distributed on the highway road. At the entry and exit, a vehicle may enter or exit from the road, or drive through the entry and exit with a certain probability. In deriving the connectivity analytical model, the highway road is divided into several segments and the connectivity probability of each segment is derived based on probability distribution theory. The connectivity probability of the highway road is then derived based on the connectivity probability on each sub-segment. Moreover, several parameters that may affect the connectivity of the road are taken into account, including a vehicle's arrival rate and moving speed, the number of RSUs deployed on the road, and a vehicle's driving-through probability at the entry and exit. The derived analytical model is justified based on simulation results. It can be used to investigate the effects of major parameters on the connectivity probability of a highway road, which is useful for the deployment of RSUs in such scenarios.
Wang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.