What question did this study set out to answer?

To establish a theoretical upper limit on stably trapped equatorial particle fluxes determined by wave growth and pitch angle scattering into the ionosphere.

January 1, 1966Journal of Geophysical Research AtmospheresOpen Access

Limit on stably trapped particle fluxes

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To establish a theoretical upper limit on stably trapped equatorial particle fluxes determined by wave growth and pitch angle scattering into the ionosphere.
Calculated self-consistent wave growth rates balanced against energy depletion via wave propagation for whistler and ion cyclotron modes.
Compared theoretical maximum flux values against electron fluxes >40 keV from Explorer 14 and proton fluxes >120 keV from Explorer 12.
Observed electron and proton fluxes generally remain at or below the calculated stable trapping threshold, lying just beneath the limit beyond L = 4.
Required equatorial whistler mode wideband noise intensity (10⁻² γ) aligns with observed particle lifetimes and limiting trapped intensities.

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Implication

Observational satellite analysis reveals an upper limit for stably trapped radiation belt particle fluxes, suggesting active particle acceleration balances wave-driven atmospheric loss beyond L = 4.

Cite This Study

Kennel et al. (1966) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69db1c2e498b35d3e6a3c50a https://doi.org/10.1029/jz071i001p00001

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Implication

Observational satellite analysis reveals an upper limit for stably trapped radiation belt particle fluxes, suggesting active particle acceleration balances wave-driven atmospheric loss beyond L = 4.

Limit on stably trapped particle fluxes

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Limit on stably trapped particle fluxes

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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