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The article aims to analyze the emergence and evolution of economic diplomacy between Iraq and Japan from historical and contemporary perspectives.

April 12, 2026East AsiaOpen Access

Iraq and Japan’s Economic Diplomacy: The Ebb and Flow of Bilateral Relations Pre and Post-2003

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The article aims to analyze the emergence and evolution of economic diplomacy between Iraq and Japan from historical and contemporary perspectives.
Analyzed primary sources, including economic data and official government documents.
Examined the evolution of bilateral relations through five historical stages.
Applied a conceptual framework of economic diplomacy.
Identified fluctuations in diplomatic relations due to crises and geopolitical changes.
Noted the revitalization of ties post-Saddam, with increased aid and investment.
Highlighted the ongoing challenges in Iraq's political and security landscape affecting bilateral relations.

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This article explores economic diplomacy's evolution in Iraq and Japan, suggesting implications for future relations.

Zana Gul (2026) studied this question.

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