Systematic review evaluates analgesics for reducing pain and opioid use after lumbar surgery, suggesting cautiously optimized approaches.
The findings demonstrate that the following analgesics significantly reduce supplemental opioid consumption and pain levels in the immediate postoperative period: PCM, NSAIDs, intrathecal anaesthetics, epidural anaesthetics, LIA/wound infiltration, nerve blockade, gabapentin, and pregabalin. However, the high risk of bias and low quality of evidence in many of the included trials necessitate cautious interpretation of the findings.
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Zachodnik et al. (2026) studied this question.
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