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The realization that the nutrition and health of cattle and sheep is to a considerable extent dependent upon the microbial fermentation that occurs in the rumen has resulted in much research into the nature of the ruminal fermentation. One method of attacking this problem has been to isolate and study the characteristics of the individual members of the microbiota in the hope that a knowledge of the physiology and nutrition of representative microorganisms will bring about a better understanding of the fermentation as a whole. A study of the characteristics of many strains of anaerobic, motile, curved rods found in large numbers in rumen contents of adult cattle has revealed that at least four kinds of organisms are involved. The characteristics of one of these, the genus Butyrivibrio, was reported in a previous paper (Bryant and Small, 1956). A second genus found was identified as Selenomonas Boskamp, 1922, on the basis of morphology and arrangement of flagella. The characteristics of the other kinds indicate that they represent two previously undescribed genera of bacteria. The purpose of this paper is to describe some of the characteristics of type species of these genera.
Bryant et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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