Because of the Hall effect, electric current will circulate anticlockwise around an area of proton precipitation and clockwise around an area of electron precipitation (in the northern hemisphere). This is suggested as the cause of the current systems of magnetic bays and storms. The observed geographical distribution of auroral hydrogen emission, polar black-out, and auroral E ionization is used to suggest that the required pattern of protons and electron precipitation occurs.
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R. A. Duncan (1960) studied this question.
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