Influence of climate variability on wine regions in the western USA and on wine quality in the Napa Valley

winter precipitation in the Pacific Northwest (Glantz 2001). However, El Nio events have often been portrayed in a destructively negative manner by the media, which has led wine growers in the western United States to negatively associate winegrape production and subsequent wine quality with El Nio. This view of El Nio persists despite the fact that there is no research to suggest a negative relationship between any phase of ENSO and winegrape production