Interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor α inhibit chondrogenesis by human mesenchymal stem cells through NF‐κB–dependent pathways

Cell-based repair of lesions in articular cartilage will be compromised in inflamed joints. Strategies for enabling repair under these conditions include the use of specific antagonists of individual pyrogens, such as IL-1beta and TNFalpha, or the targeting of important intracellular mediators, such as NF-kappaB.