Extent and progression of cardiac damage in patients with primary mitral regurgitation undergoing surgical repair

Figures

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  Figure 1.. The Severity of Extra-MV Cardiac Damage Stages. Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; LA, left atrial/atrium; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic dimension; LVESVi, left ventricular end-systolic volume index; MV, mitral valve; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.Alt Text: The graph showed echocardiography based criteria included in 4 different stages used both at baseline and follow-up.

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  Figure 2.. Kaplan-Meier Survival Curves for All-Cause Mortality According to the Baseline and Follow-Up Extra-MV Cardiac Damage Stages. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause mortality stratified according to the severity of staging before and after MV repair. Baseline staging curves start from the time of MV repair, while follow-up staging curve starts from the date of follow-up echo after MV repair (median 91 months; IQR 56-120 months).Alt text: Graphical representation of survival curves for mortality considering patients at stages 0 to 3 at baseline and follow-up.

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  Figure 3.. Incremental Prognostic Values of Adjusted Association Between Follow-Up Extra-MV Cardiac Damage and All-Cause Mortality After Surgical Repair. The figure illustrates the incremental prognostic value of assessing the evolution of cardiac damage following MV repair, compared to pre-procedural or follow-up assessments alone. Prognostic models were adjusted for potential confounders, including age, gender, CAD, COPD, eGFR, NYHA class, and pre-procedural RV dysfunction. The results demonstrate that evaluating the change in cardiac damage over time—rather than relying solely on static pre- or post-procedural assessments—provides the highest prognostic accuracy. *Landmark analysis was performed. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio; NYHA, New York Heart Association; RV, right ventricular.Alt text: The graph with 3 bar charts and table underneath represents comparison of 3 prognostic models with follow-up stages and change groups, seperately.