Comparative Analysis of the Blockchain Consensus Algorithm Between Proof of Stake and Delegated Proof of Stake

Blockchain is a technology used as a public ledger that is accessible to everyone without central authority control. This technology has the ability to run smart contracts as well as register users. There are several consensus algorithms used in blockchains. Many researchers are looking into the consensus algorithm in order to ensure the security and authenticity of transaction information in blockchains. In determining which consensus algorithm research areas should be examined, several existing papers from other researchers have been analyzed. This study is motivated by the need to determine the best consensus key. Thus, this study will examine the comparison of the two consensus algorithms which are Proof of Stake (PoS) and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) algorithms. A further focus of this research study is on the parameters that are being used by these two algorithms. Analyses are done based on the number of miners and the number of created blocks to determine how long is necessary to produce a new block. The measurements were conducted through the simulation tool, which is Ethereum in a private network. The impact of parameters was assessed and analyzed based on the results. In addition, we conclude by determining their scalability as well as their efficiency. As the results show, DPoS is much better than PoS when it comes to producing a new block, with a percentage difference of 68%-73% between them. For future work, the algorithm studied can be extended to the Dual Delegated Proof of Stake (DDPoS) and the relationship and comparison between Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) and Dual Delegated Proof of Stake (DDPoS) can be discussed. Furthermore, the key parameters of the analysis can be extended as well such as the power of the consumptions.