Interleukin-38 in Health and Disease

• IL-38 is a member of the IL-1 Family that inhibits IL-1R6, IL-1R9, and IL-1R1 signaling. • IL-38 inhibits the innate, trained, and adaptive immune response. • IL-38 polymorphisms are associated with inflammatory disease and biomarkers thereof. • IL-38 is often indicative of human disease severity, and generally protective in animal models. • The role of B cells in the biology of IL-38 remains elusive.