Investigation of cardioprotective effects of Leea rubra Blume leaves on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in mice

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves reduced serum cardiac troponin I, left ventricular weight/body weight ratio, and improved lipid profiles in hypertrophic mice.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Population: isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy. Intervention: crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves vs. atorvastatin (20 mg/kg) and placebo. Primary outcome: lipid profile, cardiac troponin I, SGPT, SGOT, and left ventricular weight to body weight ratio (p=<0.0001).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves significantly reduces cardiac troponin I, decreases left ventricular hypertrophy, and improves lipid profiles in isoproterenol-induced hypertrophic mice. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the cardioprotective, antihyperlipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects of crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves against isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in mice.

Md. Abdur Nur Tushar; M. J. Rashid; Farhad Hossain; Kazi Mazharul Islam; Md. Ariful Islam; Farjana Sharmin; Purnima Rani Das; M. J. Rashid; AHM Khurshid Alam

doi:10.34172/jhp.2026.53125

January 1, 2026Journal of Herbmed PharmacologyOpen Access

Investigation of cardioprotective effects of Leea rubra Blume leaves on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in mice

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Key result

Leea rubra extract reduces cardiac troponin I and LV weight, improving lipids in hypertrophic mice.

P<0.0001

Why the study?

Species of the genus Leea have traditional cardioprotective uses, but their direct effects on the heart remain unreported.

Does crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves reduce cardiac hypertrophy and improve lipid profiles in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophic mice?

Key Points

To evaluate the cardioprotective, antihyperlipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects of crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves against isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in mice.
Mice with isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy (5 mg/kg for 7 days, intraperitoneally; n=5 per group) were orally administered crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves at 40 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg daily for 28 days.
Extract groups were compared against a negative control group (placebo) and a standard reference group treated with atorvastatin (20 mg/kg orally for 28 days).
Cardioprotective and hepatoprotective outcomes were assessed via lipid profiles (TC, TG, HDL, LDL), serum CTnI, liver enzymes (SGPT, SGOT), and left ventricular weight to body weight (LVW/BW) ratios.
Leea rubra extract at 80 mg/kg significantly lowered TC (118.2 ± 2.52 mg/dL vs 162.2 ± 2.65 mg/dL), TG (141.8 ± 2.08 mg/dL vs 174.2 ± 3.10 mg/dL), and LDL (59 ± 1.64 mg/dL vs 81 ± 2.07 mg/dL) while elevating HDL (35 ± 1.18 mg/dL vs 26 ± 0.71 mg/dL) compared to untreated hypertrophic controls (all P<0.0001).
The 80 mg/kg dose reduced cardiac injury markers, lowering serum CTnI to 0.55 ± 0.01 ng/mL compared to 1.50 ± 0.03 ng/mL in controls (P<0.0001) and reducing LVW/BW ratio from 0.00374 ± 0.000051 to 0.00268 ± 0.000058 (P<0.0001).
Liver enzymes markedly improved with 80 mg/kg extract, reducing SGPT to 58.2 ± 1.39 U/L from 86.2 ± 2.35 U/L and SGOT to 166.2 ± 2.20 U/L from 323.2 ± 4.77 U/L (both P<0.0001).

Structured PICO

Does crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves reduce cardiac hypertrophy and improve lipid profiles in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophic mice?

P

Population

Isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophic mice (induced with isoproterenol, 5 mg/kg, 7 days, intraperitoneally)

I

Intervention

Crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves (40 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg, orally for 28 days)

C

Comparator

Atorvastatin (20 mg/kg, orally for 28 days) and placebo (negative control)

O

Outcome

Changes in lipid profile (TC, TG, HDL, LDL), cardiac troponin I (CTnI), SGPT, SGOT, and left ventricular weight to body weight (LVW/BW) ratiosurrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.0001

Leea rubra leaves extract showed cardioprotective and antihyperlipidemic effects in a mouse model of isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

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Implication

Should not yet change clinical practice in cardiac hypertrophy; hypothesis-generating for herbal antihypertrophic and antihyperlipidemic therapies.

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiac hypertrophy is a risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Species of the genus Leea have traditional cardioprotective uses, but their direct effects on the heart remain unreported. This study evaluated the cardioprotective activities of a crude methanolic extract (CME) of L. rubra leaves (LRL) in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophic mice (IIHM) using atorvastatin as a reference treatment. Methods: IIHM (induced with isoproterenol, 5 mg/kg, 7 days, intraperitoneally) were treated with CME of LRL (40 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg, 28 days, orally) and compared with a standard treatment group (atorvastatin, 20 mg/kg, 28 days, orally) and a negative control group (IIHM, placebo). The cardioprotective and hepatoprotective effects of the extract were evaluated by analysing the changes in blood biochemical parameters, including lipid profile (total cholesterol [TC], triglyceride [TG], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and low-density lipoprotein [LDL]), cardiac troponin I (CTnI), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT). Analysis was conducted using various commercial test kits. The left ventricular weight and body weight (LVW/BW) ratio was also recorded. Results: LRL significantly improved the lipid profile by lowering TC, TG, and LDL while increasing HDL levels (P<0.0001). Significant cardioprotective (reduced serum CTnI level and LVW/BW ratio (P<0.0001)) and hepatoprotective (reduced serum SGPT and SGOT levels (P<0.0001)) activities were observed in IIHM compared with the negative control group. Conclusion: The present study found antihyperlipidemic, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective activity after LRL treatment in IIHM. Further investigation is required to identify the compounds and molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Tushar et al. (2026) studied isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy. crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves vs. atorvastatin (20 mg/kg) and placebo was evaluated on lipid profile, cardiac troponin I, SGPT, SGOT, and left ventricular weight to body weight ratio (p=<0.0001). Crude methanolic extract of Leea rubra leaves reduced serum cardiac troponin I, left ventricular weight/body weight ratio, and improved lipid profiles in hypertrophic mice.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69e07d3c2f7e8953b7cbe33c https://doi.org/10.34172/jhp.2026.53125

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Investigation of cardioprotective effects of Leea rubra Blume leaves on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in mice

Key Points

Structured PICO

Main Result

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Investigation of cardioprotective effects of Leea rubra Blume leaves on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in mice

Key Points

Structured PICO

Main Result

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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