A 12-Lead ECG database to identify origins of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia containing 334 patients

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Anatomic location of LVOT. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) which connects to the aorta is nearly indistinguishable from the rest of the ventricle.

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  Fig. 2. Anatomic location of RVOT. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an infundibular extension of the ventricular cavity which connects to the pulmonary artery.

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  Fig. 3. Sub anatomic sites in LVOT and RVOT. LCC = left coronary cusp; RCC = right coronary cusp; NCC = non-coronary cusp; AMC = aortomitral continuity; AC = anterior cusp; LC = left cusp; RC = right cusp; MV = mitral valve; TV = tricuspid valve.

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  Fig. 4. Acitivation map and fluoroscopy map for OT-VA originating from anterior septal in RVOT. (a) The earliest bipolar and unipolar activation time (−30 ms) was presented here. (b) Right anterior oblique and left anterior oblique fluoroscopic views showing an ablation catheter in the anterior interventricular vein (AIV) and another ablation catheter in the RVOT. Ablation in the RVOT (anterior septal) eliminated the PVC within 3 seconds.

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  Fig. 5. 3D map for OT-VA originating from anterior septal in RVOT. The three-dimensional anatomic representation of the right ventricle, left ventricle, and venous system with the ablation catheter positioned at the AIV.

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  Fig. 6. Acitivation map and fluoroscopic map for OT-VA originating from LCC-RCC commissure in LVOT. (a) The earliest bipolar and unipolar activation time ( − 30 ms) was presented here. (b) Right anterior oblique and left anterior oblique fluoroscopic views showing an ablation catheter in the anterior interventricular vein (AIV) and another ablation catheter in the LVOT. Ablation in the LVOT (LCC-RCC commissure) eliminated the PVC within 3 seconds.

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  Fig. 7. 3D map for OT-VA originating from LCC-RCC commissure in LVOT. The three-dimensional anatomic representation of the right ventricle, left ventricle, and venous system with the ablation catheter positioned at the AIV.

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  Fig. 8. A segment of 12-lead ECG presents normal beat and PVC when OT-VA originating from LCC in LVOT.

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  Fig. 9. One PVC acquired during the catheter ablation procedure when OT-VA originating from LCC is in LVOT.