This secondary analysis evaluates immune correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination, suggesting the importance of neutralizing antibodies.
Conflicting results have emerged regarding immune correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2. In this secondary analysis of a trial of immediate versus delayed bivalent mRNA booster vaccination, we studied a range of humoral and cellular immune responses 28 days after vaccination and analyzed their association with subsequent symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found neutralizing antibodies and other plasma antibody titers correlated with prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In a multivariate model, only neutralizing antibodies remained associated with protection from infection (p = 0.021). There was no significant correlation observed between B and T cell responses to Spike and protection. Our findings add to evidence of antibody correlates of prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Trial registration: ANZCTR 12622000411741.
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Reynaldi et al. (2026) studied this question.
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