Seasonal Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Water-Level Fluctuation Zone and Its Habitat Driving Mechanisms in Hongfeng Lake, a Typical Karst Reservoir

Key Points

• This research aims to explore the seasonal evolution and driving mechanisms of the water-level fluctuation zone in Hongfeng Lake.
• Utilized Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 optical remote sensing data to determine fluctuation zone boundaries.
• Classified the fluctuation zone into four types: soil slope, estuary, gravel slope, and rocky shore.
• Conducted field surveys and qualitative analysis of habitat dynamics and responses.
• The fluctuation zone showed a seasonal characteristic of 'gradual increase - sharp decrease - low variation'.
• Soil slope and estuary types were the dominant spatial distributions.
• Habitat quality was influenced by substrate conditions, slope, and orientation, with some rocky areas showing low vegetation indices despite long exposure.