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April 17, 2026JAMA Network Open0 citationsOpen Access

First-Line Chemotherapy Regimens for Unresectable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer

AEAbdulaziz Elemosho ABAlex B. Blair MAMeher Angez

Key Points

To evaluate the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy regimens for unresectable locally advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer.
Conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing various chemotherapy regimens
Assessed progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety
Evaluated the performance of GC against other treatment options.
GC plus durvalumab and GC plus S-1 showed consistent benefits in PFS, OS, and ORR
GC remains a top regimen, with most alternatives lacking clear superior benefits
Some therapies were associated with worse PFS or OS compared to GC.

Abstract

This NMA establishes GC plus durvalumab and GC plus S-1 as potential leading first-line options for advanced BTC due to a consistent clear benefit in PFS, OS, ORR, and safety. This study also establishes that GC remains among the top regimens, as most other therapy lacked a clear superior benefit or were associated with worse PFS or OS compared with GC.

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Cite This Study

Elemosho et al. (Wed,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69e1ce3b5cdc762e9d8574b6 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.6849

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