The construction sector accounts for 37% of global greenhouse gas emissions and consumes about 50% of all materials extracted worldwide. In the European Union, construction and demolition waste reach 40% of the total annual waste generated. Buildings often have an actual service life significantly shorter than their intended design life, intensifying environmental and economic impacts. Conventional design models that disregard building adaptability and the possibility of disassembly result in inflexible, short-lived constructions with high environmental impact. Given this context, the present study aims to investigate the uses of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in projects oriented towards Design for Adaptability and Deconstruction (DfAD), through a systematic literature review. The research is based on the principles of the Circular Economy, which proposes strategies to eliminate waste, keeping materials in continuous use, and regenerating natural systems. DfAD emerges in this context as a design approach that promotes flexibility of use, disassemblability, and the reuse of building components, integrating circularity into construction industry practices. BIM, in turn, is examined as a fundamental support strategy for enabling these principles. The systematic review included 65 selected articles, which were analyzed and organized into six main thematic axes: (a) Design; (b) Fabrication, construction, and assembly; (c) Deconstruction, disassembly, and end of life (EOL); (d) Tools and Technologies; (e) Building life cycle analysis; and (f) Materials Passport. To synthesize the analysis, a conceptual scheme of 30 key customized BIMfAD model uses was developed, providing a structured overview of their application across the building life cycle.
Garcia et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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