What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to identify patterns of intimate partner violence severity and explore sociodemographic correlates among partnered women in Iran.

April 17, 2026International Journal for Equity in Health0 citationsOpen Access

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) against women during a public health crisis: Latent class analysis (LCA) of a population-based data

RMReza MoshfeghiniaShiraz University of Medical Sciences SMSara MostafaviShiraz University of Medical Sciences ESErfan SanaeiShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services

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This research aims to identify patterns of intimate partner violence severity and explore sociodemographic correlates among partnered women in Iran.
Conducted a population-based cohort study with 2,502 partnered Iranian women aged 18 to 60 years.
Utilized structured surveys to collect data on mental, physical, and sexual IPV.
Performed latent class analysis (LCA) to identify IPV severity profiles.
Applied logistic regression to assess sociodemographic predictors of class membership.
Five IPV severity profiles were identified: No IPV (35%), Mild IPV (6%), Mild-to-Moderate IPV (23%), Moderate-to-Severe IPV (22%), Severe IPV (14%).
Younger women were more frequently found in the Mild IPV group, associated with higher age at marriage and unemployed spouses.
Longer marriage duration and more children correlated with Mild-to-Moderate and Moderate-to-Severe IPV groups.
Severe IPV linked to lower socioeconomic status, larger spousal age gaps, and greater number of children.

Resumen

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) against women is a critical public health issue in developing nations like Iran, exacerbated by socioeconomic disparities. This study identifies IPV severity patterns and examines sociodemographic factors linked to each severity class among partnered women. A population-based cohort study involving 2,502 partnered Iranian women aged 18 to 60 years, with a six-month follow-up. Data on mental, physical, and sexual IPV were collected through structured surveys. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify severity profiles. Logistic regression models were used to explore sociodemographic predictors of class membership. Results are reported as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data from 2,116 women (mean age, 37.68years; SD: 10.25) were analyzed. Five IPV severity profiles were identified: No IPV (35%), Mild IPV (6%), Mild-to-Moderate IPV (23%), Moderate-to-Severe IPV (22%), and Severe IPV (14%). The Mild IPV group included younger women (under 40 years) and was associated with higher age at marriage and unemployed spouses. The Mild-to-Moderate and Moderate-to-Severe IPV groups were associated with longer marriage duration and more children. The Severe IPV group was characterized by lower socioeconomic status, larger spousal age gaps, longer marriage duration, higher age at marriage, and a greater number of children. IPV severity in this developing country population clustered into five distinct profiles. Severe IPV was consistently linked to socioeconomic disadvantage and relational vulnerabilities. Tailored interventions targeting high-risk women in resource-limited settings are essential to reduce IPV burden. Not applicable.

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