MicroRNA-3619 is Significantly Increased During the Progression of Premature Ovarian Failure

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a condition characterized by the onset of menopause before the age of 40. The progression of various disease stages, including diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and POF, is regulated by microRNAs, which are small noncoding RNAs. This study aimed to compare the altered expression of miR-3619 during disease progression in healthy women, patients with DOR, and patients with POF. First, bioinformatics analysis techniques were used to characterize and predict the target genes associated with miR-3619. Real-time PCR was then performed to evaluate miR-3619 expression in three types of samples: follicular fluid (FF) and granulosa cells (GC) from the control and DOR groups, and blood serum from the control, DOR, and POF groups, comprising a total of 135 human samples. The control group included healthy women (with male factor infertility) who underwent infertility treatment due to their husbands’ condition. Patients with POF did not undergo infertility treatment cycles and, therefore, no FF or GC samples were obtained. Our data demonstrated that miR-3619 expression was significantly higher in both the FF and GC of the DOR group than in the control group ( p ≤0.001). Furthermore, serum miR-3619 expression in patients with POF and DOR was markedly elevated compared to the control group ( p ≤0.0001). According to the results of this study, increased expression of miR-3619 appears to be a significant marker of POF progression and may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting it.