What question did this study set out to answer?

To understand the mechanical behavior of fractured rock masses under hydraulic-mechanical coupling and derive a compression-shear fracture criterion.

Compression-shear fracture and energy evolution in rock-like materials under hydraulic-mechanical coupling effect

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Conventional tests demonstrate hydraulic-mechanical coupling effects on rock-like materials, suggesting strategies for disaster mitigation.

To understand the mechanical behavior of fractured rock masses under hydraulic-mechanical coupling and derive a compression-shear fracture criterion.
Conducted triaxial compression tests on rock-like materials with single fissures under varying confining and hydraulic pressures.
Derived compression-shear fracture criteria based on experimental findings.
Examined the relationship between stress intensity factors, hydraulic pressures, and crack angles.
Peak strength, residual strength, and elastic modulus decrease with increasing hydraulic pressure and increase with confining pressure.
The mechanical characteristics are minimized at a fracture angle of 45°.
Established critical hydraulic pressure and initial fracture strength for different failure modes.

Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Conventional tests demonstrate hydraulic-mechanical coupling effects on rock-like materials, suggesting strategies for disaster mitigation.