Analysis of Clinical Indicators of Surgical Treatment of Degenerative Spinal Diseases Operated with Posterior Access Using the PEEK Cage

The present article is devoted to the analysis of the results of surgical treatment of degenerative-dystrophic spine diseases using posterior access and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) intervertebral implants. The study included 50 patients who underwent transpedicular fixation with PEEK placement and autograft. Analysis of the results showed a significant reduction in pain syndrome, restoration of intervertebral disc height, and stable fixation of the spinal segments. The mean Visual Analog Scale scores decreased from 7.74 ± 0.9 to 2.04 ± 1.56 in the postoperative period, and the Oswestry Disability Index decreased from 53.86 ± 15.11 to 12.8 ± 6.96, which confirms the improvement of the patients’quality of life. Clinical and radiological data 2 years after surgery demonstrated a high level of fusion, stability of results, and minimal complications. PEEK has shown high efficacy and safety in the surgical treatment of degenerative-dystrophic spine diseases, acting as an alternative to traditional metal implants. Their advantages include a modulus of elasticity close to that of bone tissue, which reduces the risk of adjacent segment syndrome, and X-ray negativity, which simplifies diagnosis. Despite some limitations due to reduced osseointegration, PEEK remains a promising and reliable solution.