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April 18, 2026Orthopaedic Journal of Sports MedicineOpen Access

The Effect of Flexor Hallucis Longus Morphology on Os Trigonum Syndrome

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Authors

NCNathan ChaclasMSMorgan E. SwansonVPVandan Patel

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Overview

Cross-sectional study compares FHL muscle morphology and OT symptoms, indicating potential contributions to diagnosis and treatment.

Key Points

  • This study aims to evaluate the morphology of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle in individuals with and without os trigonum syndrome.
  • Conducted a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with os trigonum receiving MRI.
  • Measured the distance from the distal tibia to the FHL musculotendinous junction and other radiographic parameters.
  • Applied statistical tests to compare continuous variables between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups.
  • Significantly lower FHL muscle positioning was observed in symptomatic patients compared to asymptomatic ones.
  • Significant relationships were found between symptoms, FHL MTJ distance, patient height, and body mass index.
  • No significant differences were noted in age, FHL axial area, or os trigonum dimensions.

Cite This Study

Chaclas et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69e320e740886becb6540146https://doi.org/10.1177/23259671261422731
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Paper 15: Indications for Relief after Lidocaine Injections and Advancement to Surgery for Pediatric and Adolescent Os Trigonum Syndrome2025
  2. 2How Low is Low? A Normative Study Defining Flexor Hallucis Longus Anatomic Location From Late Childhood Through Adolescence2025
  3. 3Lower-Lying Flexor Hallucis Longus Is Associated With Advancing to Surgery in Pediatric and Adolescent Os Trigonum Syndrome2026
  4. 4Anatomy of the Flexor Hallucis Longus and Its Relationship With Hallux Valgus: A Cadaveric Study2024
  5. 5A rare mass with atypical localization: Heterotopic ossification associated with flexor hallucis longus2024 · 1 citations