What question did this study set out to answer?

The review aims to explore the chemistry and applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for treating water contaminants.

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April 19, 2026Open Access

Advanced Oxidation Processes in Environmental Chemistry

Key Points

The review aims to explore the chemistry and applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for treating water contaminants.
Review of fundamental chemistry of AOPs
Analysis of main AOP variants including Fenton and photocatalysis
Discussion of reactor design and kinetics
Examination of analytical considerations and monitoring
Presentation of recent case studies from 2020 to 2025
Identified key variants of AOPs effective for mineralizing contaminants
Highlighted practical challenges and successes in AOP applications
Outlined research needs and scale-up barriers for wider AOP implementation

Abstract

Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) are a class of treatment technologies that generate highly reactive species (primarily hydroxyl radicals, •OH, and sulfate radicals, SO4•–) to oxidize and mineralize a wide range of organic contaminants in water and wastewater. This review covers the fundamental chemistry, main AOP variants including Fenton, photo-Fenton, photocatalysis, ozonation, persulfate-based systems, and electrochemical AOPs, discusses reactor design and kinetics, highlights analytical considerations and monitoring, and presents recent case studies (2020–2025) illustrating successes and practical challenges. Key research needs and scale-up barriers are also identified. 1,17

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