Diseases predisposing to thrombosis

Blood is a liquid tissue that is noncoagulated under physiological conditions. Hemostasis, on the other hand, is an important factor in maintaining fluidity, keeping the blood non-coagulated. Thrombosis is a condition that occurs as a result of an abnormal clot forming in the vein blocking blood flow. The causes of thrombosis are multifactorial. The involvement of many acquired and hereditary factors in the formation of thrombosis occurs through different mechanisms. Thrombus formation in the arterial and venous systems is thought to originate from different etiologies. Thrombophilia, on the other hand, describes the conditions in which the tendency to coagulate in the blood increases. In addition to hereditary causes, many diseases such as cancer and diabetes can increase the risk of thrombophilia. This compilation provides an overview of hemostasis and thrombosis, as well as determining the causes and risk factors of clotting by examining the mechanism of blood clot formation, describes the status of thrombosis studies within in vitro/in vivo studies observing thrombosis formation, therapeutic effects that may break the chain between antithrombotic therapy and bleeding risk, and provides discussions on effective drug delivery systems. This review provides a contemporary view of the most common inherited or acquired causes of thrombophilia and their role in the development of venous and arterial thrombosis.