Antibacterial Activity of α-Mangostin against Prevotella intermedia, Peptostreptococcus, and Fusobacterium nucleatum

One of the compounds isolated from mangosteen peels is α-mangostin, a substance with numerous health benefits, such as anticancer, anti-inflammation, and antibacterial properties. Bacterial colonization on tooth surfaces is the frequent cause of oral infectious disorders such as periodontal diseases and dental caries. The objective of this study was to evaluate α-mangostin's potential as an herbal treatment for inhibiting the growth of bacteria in the oral cavity. In this study, the samples used were bacterial strains Prevotella intermedia, Peptostreptococcus, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, which are mostly found in oral cavity. These bacteria were then incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. The α-mangostin compound was then diluted to eight concentrations, namely, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, 1.56, and 0.78%. This was followed by planting using the spreading technique on agar media and a further 48 hours of incubation at 37°C. After that, colonies developing on agar medium were observed and counted. The data were then examined using statistical analysis Kruskal–Wallis test to determine significant differences between groups. It showed that at a concentration of ≥25%, there was no visible growth of P. intermedia and F. nucleatum bacterial colonies, whereas at a concentration of ≥12.5, there was no visible growth of Peptostreptococcus. In both P. intermedia and F. nucleatum bacteria, α-mangostin has a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5% and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 25%. α-mangostin has an MIC of 6.25% and an MBC of 12.5% when it comes to suppressing Peptostreptococcus bacteria.