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Researchers explore triple-roll flow effects on slag entrapment in stainless steel casting, suggesting new evaluation methods.
A water model system that detects level fluctuation and surface velocity is established to study fluid flow and slag entrapment in mold. Results show that the flow field in mold is chaotic and transient. Characterized by two upward flows and a downward flow, a special triple‐roll flow pattern is formed. The reason for this phenomenon is the upward SEN. Affected by triple‐roll flow, the slag‐metal interface can be divided into three parts: SEN zone, impinging zone, and reversed zone. With the increase in casting speed, the level fluctuation near SEN rises from 0.27 to 1.06 mm, and slagging frequency increases from 1.2 to 8.6 min −1 . Therefore, the level fluctuation near the SEN can accurately reveal severity of slag entrapment. In this region, vortexing is the major mechanism that leads to slag entrapment. Based on mass conservation, momentum conservation, and Bernoulli equations, a new dimensionless number is found to evaluate slag entrapment caused by this special triple‐roll flow. The accuracy of this indicator is compared with experiment and predicted results, and good agreement is obtained. This study offers new insights into surface defects that occur during the casting of stainless steel.
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Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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