The relation between habituation and intelligence beyond infancy: A systematic literature review

Multiple theories describe a relation between different forms of learning and the concept of intelligence. In particular habituation, often considered the simplest form of learning, is linked to general, fluid intelligence. Previous research has established a moderate positive correlation between habituation in infancy and intelligence in childhood. However, no systematic review has explored whether this relation extends beyond infancy. This study presents the results of a systematic literature review aimed at addressing this question. A relatively limited set of published studies, mostly conducted before 1980, was found, exhibiting significant variability in participant characteristics, stimuli, and the measures used to assess both habituation and intelligence. In many instances, effect sizes could not be calculated. The results generally suggest an association between habituation rate and intelligence, though the strength and direction of this relationship are influenced by participant demographics and task specifics. This review explores potential underlying mechanisms and highlights conditions under which a simple measure of habituation rate could serve as an easily obtainable predictor of intelligence beyond infancy. • Infant studies confirm a link between habituation speed and intelligence. • This review explores if the link persists beyond infancy. • Association strength and direction depend on task and participant characteristics. • Habituation rate may predict intelligence under certain conditions.