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The paper explores graph isomorphism and reconstruction in structures, connecting layers of vertex patterns to implications in graph theory.
We prove that the global ordered-vertex-pattern framework is exact at the top layer and reconstruction-theoretic at lower layers. For every finite graph G, the top global layer determines G up to isomorphism, and for every 1≤ r≤ |V(G)|-1, the codimension-r global layer determines the full r-vertex-deleted deck. Consequently, any known r-reconstructibility theorem immediately yields a completeness theorem for the corresponding lower global layer. The paper then develops exact consequences of this bridge: lower layers determine induced-subgraph counts up to the visible order, transfer completeness to trees, 3-regular graphs, and complement classes, and extend the tree case to linear-range smaller-card consequences. Within the low-symmetry direction, the main object-level result is an unconditional bicentered multi-card reconstruction theorem on branch-distinct bicentered trees, with asymmetric distinct-leg double spiders appearing as a concrete corollary. Around this reconstruction core we record automorphism-multiplicity formulas, canonization consequences, complement transport, injective scalarizations, restricted-class completeness on complete multipartite and cluster graphs, and a compressed extension principle for directed graphs, mixed graphs, hypergraphs, and finite relational structures. The supplementary document contains only audit tables and benchmark examples; the main article is intended to stand on its theorem-level arguments and proofs.
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Jianming wang (2026) studied this question.
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