Two-Component Dissipative Distance Metric in a Viscous Vacuum (OHV Framework): Resolution of JWST Brightness Anomalies and Pantheon+ Calibration

We propose and observationally test a two-component dissipative distance metric derived from the Optico-Hydrodynamic Vacuum (OHV) framework, in which the physical vacuum is modeled as a viscous energy medium. Cosmological redshift is attributed to coherent energy dissipation of photons propagating through this medium, rather than to metric expansion. The proposed distance metric takes the form D(z) = R_H * ln(1+z) * (1 + gamma * z), where R_H is the dissipation horizon and gamma quantifies additional photon energy loss due to large-scale cosmic structure. Calibrated against the cosmological sample of the Pantheon+ Type Ia supernova dataset (N = 1590, z > 0.01), the optimized metric parameters are found to be R_H = 4156 Mpc and gamma = 0.581. With these parameters, the model achieves a remarkably tight fit with a reduced chi-square of 0.44. This demonstrates a quantitatively significant statistical advantage (a 38% reduction in residual variance) over the standard flat Lambda-CDM model (chi-square 0.71) on the same dataset. Critically, the optimized dissipation horizon R_H = 4156 Mpc inherently implies a local Hubble parameter H_0 = 72.13 km/s/Mpc, independently corroborating the SH0ES late-universe measurements and offering a natural geometric resolution to the Hubble Tension. Furthermore, the model naturally resolves the anomalously high surface brightness of z > 10 galaxies discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), predicting observed magnitudes 2.1 to 2.5 mag brighter than Lambda-CDM without invoking non-standard stellar physics.