Recent Advances in Understanding the Biology of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer progression is largely driven by androgen receptor signaling. While androgen deprivation therapy remains a cornerstone of treatment, it imposes a selective pressure that ultimately leads to the emergence of a castration-resistant phenotype, driven by a range of adaptive molecular mechanisms. In recent years, significant advances have been made in understanding its complex biology, making it a critical focus of ongoing research. The application of multi-omics approaches has played a pivotal role in uncovering the molecular underpinnings of this disease, offering deeper insights into its heterogeneity and resistance mechanisms.