Abstract Efforts on loss and damage assessments primarily focus on the macro-level assessments that often overlook micro-level heterogeneity. This paper adopts a bottom-up approach by measuring household-level L&Ds from cyclones. Estimates are derived for a representative household in Odisha, India, using two case studies: a super cyclone and a very severe cyclone., Data were collected through focus group discussions and household surveys, and were valued using the then prevailing market prices. The findings suggest that the annual L&Ds for a coastal household in Odisha amount to USD 193 from a super cyclone and USD 396 from severe cyclones, measured in 2014 prices and exchange rate (1 USD = INR 60.95). While the super cyclone caused extensive losses, a substantial portion of the damage was compensated through government support and international aid. In contrast, very severe cyclones are more frequent but receive limited external assistance, leaving households to cope largely on their own. L&D assessment across different occupational groups reveals significant disparities in aid distribution and insurance coverage. Given that the area is a core zone of cyclogenesis, localised resource mobilisation and expanded insurance coverage should be prioritised, along with a fairer aid distribution mechanism, to strengthen disaster management.
Saudamini Das (Thu,) studied this question.