Design of a networked Marine Weather Observer for typhoon observations

Frequent typhoon landfalls inflict substantial losses of life and property. Their genesis, rapid intensification, and track changes remain three key challenges in typhoon research. High spatiotemporal resolution in situ observations spanning the whole typhoon life cycle are urgently required. We propose deploying the Marine Weather Observer (MWO), a mobile oceanic observing system developed by the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for sustained networked typhoon observations. The experiment will deploy five to seven solar-powered MWOs in the South China Sea to measure marine surface and boundary layer meteorological parameters. This networked approach enables real-time in situ observations of typhoon internal dynamics and environmental conditions over the open ocean, supporting data assimilation and validation of numerical forecast models to improve predictions of typhoon tracks, intensity, and associated severe weather impacts. 台风频繁登陆会造成重大的人员伤亡和财产损失.台风研究仍面临着台风生成,快速增强及路径变化的难题, 亟需覆盖台风生命周期的高时空分辨率观测数据支持.为此, 本文拟将中国科学院大气物理研究所自主研发的一款移动式海上气象观测站(MWO)组网设计观测台风.通过在南海组网部署 5 -7 台太阳能MWO测量海洋表面及边界层气象参数, 对洋面台风内部与环境条件开展实时原位观测, 与模式结合提升对台风路径,强度的预报精度.