Detection of JC virus DNA in CSF of pediatric patients with non-PML neurological disorders

These results provide molecular evidence that JCV and BKV can be detected in the CSF of pediatric patients with suspected CNS infection - predominantly in the setting of HIV-associated immunosuppression - and may represent underrecognized contributors to non-PML neurological disease. Larger, longitudinal studies integrating clinical, radiological and quantitative viral-load data are required to define causality and clinical impact.