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April 23, 2026BMC Medicine0 citationsOpen Access

Sunshine duration and episodes of mental disorders and the inverse effect modification by ambient temperature

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LBLijun BaiXian Center for Disease Control and PreventionJCJuan ChenMacau University of Science and TechnologyYMYating MaXi'an Jiaotong University

Key Points

  • To examine the impact of sunshine duration on the risk of mental disorders, specifically depressive disorder and schizophrenia, while considering ambient temperature effects.
  • Analyzed short-term exposure to sunshine duration and its association with mental disorder episodes.
  • Evaluated temperature variations to determine their modifying effects on these associations.
  • Short-term higher sunshine duration is linked to lower risks of depressive disorder and schizophrenia.
  • The protective effect of sunshine duration is stronger at lower temperatures.

Abstract

Shot-term exposure to increasing SSD was associated with decreases in episode risks of depressive disorder and schizophrenia, and such associations were more apparent at low temperatures. Increasing the duration of sunlight exposure and reducing exposure to increasing temperature, especially in the cool season, may help reduce the burdens of depressive disorder and schizophrenia.

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Cite This Study

Bai et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69e9b6aa85696592c86eb0c0https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-026-04876-y
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