A rare pediatric renal abscess caused by Salmonella in a healthy infant: A case report and literature review

Renal abscesses in children are rare, while those caused by Salmonella species are particularly uncommon in infants without underlying risk factors. This study aimed to report a case of a previously healthy 1-year- and 2-month-old boy who presented with persistent fever despite negative urinalysis, urine cultures, and stool cultures. Abdominal ultrasonography subsequently revealed a large left renal abscess, and the culture of the drained material confirmed Salmonella enterica serogroup D1 as the causative pathogen. The abscess was successfully managed with percutaneous nephrostomy drainage and antibiotic therapy. Furthermore, the findings of this study emphasize the critical role of imaging—particularly abdominal ultrasonography—in establishing a diagnosis when conventional laboratory investigations fail to identify an infectious source.