Asymptotic behavior of homogeneous cosmological models in the presence of a positive cosmological constant

We examine the late-time behavior of intially expanding homogeneous cosmological models satisfying Einstein's equation with a positive cosmological constant Λ. It is shown that such models of all Bianchi types except IX exponentially evolve toward the de Sitter solution, with time scale (3Λ)1/2. The behavior of Bianchi type-IX universes is similar, provided that Λ is sufficiently large compared with spatial-curvature terms. Thus, a positive cosmological constant provides an effective means of isotropizing homogeneous universes.