Decoding China’s policy-driven blockchain evolution: a multi-agent collaborative analytical framework

Unlike market-driven blockchain evolution paths observed globally, China follows a distinctive policy-guided trajectory integrating technology research, application scenarios, and regulatory governance. However, existing studies have seldom offered a systematic analysis of the mechanisms and impacts of this policy-driven model. This paper fills this gap by analyzing how centralized policies influence the evolutionary trajectory of China’s blockchain. Specifically, we (1) construct two high-value datasets encompassing China’s blockchain key R&D programs (2021–2024) and blockchain application filing records (2019–2025); (2) design a general multi-agent collaborative analytical framework that facilitates the integration of heterogeneous data and cross-task automation; and (3) apply this framework to decode the policy-driven evolution of blockchain technologies and applications in China.