Rethinking intensification: Biodiversity‐inclusive management sustains coconut yields

Societal Impact Statement Coconut palm expansion in West Africa will shape rural livelihoods and ecosystems. Our findings show that intensive practices reduce beneficial soil fungi and increase pathogens, threatening long‐term productivity. Lower‐intensity management that retains ground vegetation can sustain or boost yields while improving soil health. With typical planting densities and prices, these practices could generate an additional USD 800–1,200 per hectare annually, strengthening farmer income. Promoting biodiversity‐friendly management and intercropping can enhance resilience, support food security and reduce pressure on natural habitats, offering a practical pathway to align agricultural development with environmental sustainability.