Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major concern in Southeast Asia, yet genomic data from Indonesia are limited. Among 19 pediatric patients with suspected COVID-19 in Yogyakarta, we identified a single pneumococcal isolate, GD-BC-10, from a SARS-CoV-2–positive child. The isolate was serotyped as 19 F and was assigned to sequence type (ST) 320, which is a member of the globally disseminated clonal complex (CC) 320/271. This 19 F strain exhibits resistance to multiple drug classes, including β-lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, lincosamides, and folate-pathway inhibitors. Whole genome sequencing revealed resistance determinants characteristic of ST320 isolates within the CC320/271 lineage, defined by the 13-11-16 allelic combination across pbp1a, pbp2b, and pbp2x, together with erm(B), mef(A), tet(M), and folA/folP determinants. Virulence profiling identified a wide array of adhesion and immune-evasion factors including both PI-1 and PI-2 pilus islets, consistent with high-fitness of pediatric lineages. Although derived from a single carrier, the genomic and phenotypic features of this isolate reflect the persistence of high-risk 19 F clones in Indonesia. These findings emphasize the need for strengthened genomic surveillance and targeted genotypic assays to support pneumococcal monitoring in pediatric clinical settings.
Putri et al. (Fri,) studied this question.