Structural Characterization and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Polysaccharide From Hericium erinaceus Mycelium

A novel heteropolysaccharide named HEP-S was separated from the mycelium of Hericium erinaceus using hot water extraction. The structure of HEP-S (2.45 × 10⁶ Da) is mainly composed of →4,6)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →2)-α-D-Manp(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3,6)-β-D-Glcp(1→, T-β-D-Galp(1→, and →4)-β-D-Galp(1→. In addition, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of HEP-S in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. HEP-S (20, 40, and 80 µg/mL) could suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines by reducing vital transcription factors in the nuclear factor-κB signaling (NF-κB) pathway. The results showed that HEP-S exhibited notable anti-inflammatory activity on RAW 264.7, demonstrating its potential therapeutic effect on relieving gastritis.