Influence of shoulder external rotation on sensory responses to the upper limb neurodynamic test 1 in men and women with and without non-specific neck pain: a cross-sectional study

Individuals with NSNP show greater symptom intensity and distinct sensory profiles during both the standard and modified ULNT1, consistent with increased neural mechanosensitivity. Shoulder external rotation slightly amplifies these responses but without clinically meaningful differences. These findings highlight consistent differences in sensory responses between individuals with and without NSNP during neurodynamic testing, supporting more consistent clinical interpretation of ULNT1 and guiding test selection when shoulder rotation is restricted or not tolerated.