Red mud (RM) is a kind of solid waste with high yield and strong alkalinity produced in the process of alumina extraction from bauxite. It poses significant environmental challenges due to its large‐scale accumulation and limited utilization. However, the main chemical compositions of RM are Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, and so forth, which make it a promising candidate for environmental applications, particularly in gas denitrification (NO x removal) and desulfurization (SO x removal). Therefore, significant efforts have been devoted to developing desulfurization and denitrification agents using RM to achieve win‐win results of gas purification and waste recycling. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the recent advancements in RM applications as a catalyst, adsorbent, and additive for gas purification. The mechanisms of NO x and SO x removal, the modification strategies to enhance RM's performance, and the economic and environmental benefits of its utilization are discussed. The review highlights the potential of RM as a sustainable and cost‐effective solution for gas purification, contributing to waste valorization and environmental protection.
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Zou et al. (2026) studied this question.
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