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The research aims to enhance the flame retardancy and performance of rigid polyurethane foam using a cooperative gas-condensed phase system.

Cooperative Gas‐Condensed Phase Flame Retardancy and High‐Performance Enhancement of Rigid Polyurethane Foam via DOPO / MMT Hybrid Modification

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Cooperative flame retardancy improves limiting oxygen index in rigid polyurethane foam, indicating a viable eco-friendly approach.

The research aims to enhance the flame retardancy and performance of rigid polyurethane foam using a cooperative gas-condensed phase system.
Hybrid modification of rigid polyurethane foam using DOPO and MMT.
One-step all-aqueous foaming process was employed.
Variation of DOPO content to achieve optimal performance.
Sample with 8 wt% DOPO achieved a limiting oxygen index of 22.8% and UL-94 V-0 rating.
Peak heat release rate reduced by 66.40% and total smoke production reduced by 75.13%.
Best compressive property with peak energy absorption efficiency of 48.20.

Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.

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