IoT-Based Regenerative Braking System

Regenerative braking is an advanced energy recovery technique that converts kinetic energy into electrical energy during braking. In conventional systems, this energy is dissipated as heat, leading to significant energy loss and reduced efficiency. This paper presents the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based regenerative braking system using an ESP32 microcontroller. A Permanent Magnet DC (PMDC) motor is used to simulate regenerative braking by operating in generator mode during deceleration. The generated electrical energy is rectified using a diode-based rectifier circuit, filtered using a capacitor, and scaled down using a voltage divider for safe measurement. The ESP32 reads the processed voltage and environmental data from an LDR sensor, and transmits the data to an IoT platform via WiFi for real-time monitoring. The proposed system demonstrates a low-cost, efficient, and scalable approach for energy recovery and smart monitoring applications